What Are Different Requirements of 5083 Aluminum in Car and Ships
5083 aluminum alloy plays an important role in automobile and shipbuilding due to its excellent corrosion resistance, medium strength and good welding performance. However, there are significant differences in the performance requirements of the two industries for the 5083 aluminum plate.
1. Balance between strength and lightness
Automobile field:
Automobile lightweight requirements are extremely high, and the medium strength (tensile strength 270-310MPa) and low density (2.7g/cm³) of 5083 aluminum alloy make it an ideal choice. For example, the use of 5083 aluminum alloy in the air tank can reduce weight by 30%-40%, while meeting the pressure requirements of the braking system (working pressure is usually ≤1.2MPa). The chassis guard plate uses 5083-O aluminum plate to achieve lightweight (thickness 1.5-3mm) while ensuring impact resistance.
Shipbuilding:
Ships need to bear greater loads, and the high-strength characteristics of 5083 aluminum alloy are more prominent. The yield strength in the H321 state can reach more than 215MPa, which is suitable for hull structures (such as icebreaker hulls). A Norwegian icebreaker uses 5083 alloy to manufacture its hull, successfully resisting the continuous impact of a 1.5-meter-thick ice layer at -30℃, and its fatigue strength is 25% higher than that of marine steel.
2. Corrosion resistance requirements
Automobile field:
Automobiles are mainly exposed to salt spray and muddy water erosion on urban roads. The natural oxide film (Al₂O₃) of 5083 aluminum alloy can meet basic needs. For example, the gas cylinder can withstand 1000 hours without obvious corrosion in the salt spray test. However, when exposed to industrial pollution or coastal environment for a long time, additional protective coating is usually required.
Ship field:
The high salinity of the marine environment (Cl⁻ concentration of about 19,000ppm) places strict requirements on corrosion resistance. The magnesium content (4.0-4.9%) of 5083 aluminum alloy forms a dense oxide layer, and the corrosion rate in 3.5% NaCl solution is only 0.02mm/year, which is two orders of magnitude lower than ordinary carbon steel.
3. Processing technology adaptability
Automobile field:
Automobile parts are mostly made by cold processing processes such as stamping and stretching. The bending radius of 5083-h32 aluminum alloy is only 1.5 times the plate thickness, which is suitable for manufacturing complex body structural parts (such as door frames). In terms of welding, MIG welding is efficient, and the weld strength can reach 90% of the parent material, meeting the high efficiency requirements of automobile production lines.
Shipbuilding field:
Shipbuilding uses welding as the main connection method. The welding joint efficiency of 5083 aluminum alloy is as high as 95%, and the corrosion resistance attenuation after welding is minimal (the intergranular corrosion depth only increases by 0.03mm).
Typical application scenarios
1. Lightweight practice in the automotive field
Body structure: 5083 aluminum alloy is used for doors, hoods and other parts, which can reduce the weight of the whole vehicle by 5%-10% and improve fuel economy (fuel consumption is reduced by 0.3-0.5L per 100 kilometers).
Chassis system: 5083-O aluminum plate is used for suspension parts and guard plates, which reduces weight while ensuring impact resistance (such as a SUV chassis weight reduction of 15kg).
Pressure vessel: 5083 aluminum plate is used for gas cylinders and fuel tanks, which achieves the dual advantages of lightweight and corrosion resistance while meeting the pressure resistance requirements (usually ≥1.6MPa).
2. Marine applications
Hull structure: 5083-H116 alloy from Haomei Aluminum is used for the bottom plate, deck and bulkhead, which has passed the CCS, DNV, LR certification,etc. and can withstand long-term erosion by seawater.
Key components: The engine pedestal and fuel system components are made of 5083 aluminum alloy, whose welding performance (weld strength ≥ 85% of the parent material) and corrosion resistance meet the long-term operation requirements of the ship.
Original Source:https://www.marinealu.com/a/what-are-different-requirements-of-5083-aluminum-in-car-and-ships.html
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